When our good friends Monisha and Charlie break up, despite the fact that they appeared to have a relationship made in heaven, we try to determine what happened. When we perform poorly on an important test, we try to understand what caused our failure to remember or understand the material and what might help us do better the next time. It has been argued that people are “everyday scientists” who conduct research projects to answer questions about behavior (Nisbett & Ross, 1980). We may even collect data (i.e., any information collected through formal observation or measurement) to aid us in this undertaking.
Such knowledge enables us to predict our own behavior and that of others.
#SCIENTIFIC STUDY OF BEHAVIOR AND MENTAL PROCESSES HOW TO#
We want to know why things happen, when and if they are likely to happen again, and how to reproduce or change them. We all have an interest in asking and answering questions about our world. The science of psychology is important for both researchers and practitioners. Research psychologists use scientific methods to create new knowledge about the causes of behavior, whereas psychologist-practitioners, such as clinical, counseling, industrial-organizational, and school psychologists, use existing research to enhance the everyday life of others. Describe the difference between values and facts and explain how the scientific method is used to differentiate between the two.ĭespite the differences in their interests, areas of study, and approaches, all psychologists have one thing in common: They rely on scientific methods.Explain why using our intuition about everyday behavior is insufficient for a complete understanding of the causes of behavior.
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